Classification of Herbs
Introduction
The most important part of herbology is the combining of herbs to make effective remedies, yet it is the least understood. Part of the reason for this lack is the understanding the the lack of an effective classification system for herb use. Many systems have been tried, some classifying by plant part or by humoral theories or by botanical family or by color and morphology.
Regardless of the particular system used, however, it is apparent that herbs fall generally into five major categories based on their active constituents. These are: Aromatic (volatile oils), Astringents (tannins), Bitter (phenolic compounds, saponins, and alkaloids), Mucilagnious (polysacharides), and Nutritive (food stuffs).
Understanding this classification system simplifies the analysis of herbal combinations and allows the herbalist to readily propose useful new ones, and it becomes easy to substitute one herb for another. Additionally, the categories are easy to identify using the senses of smell, taste, and touch. (more…)
Complementary and Alternative Medication (CAM) modalities are numerous. Some of them are more accepted by the traditional Western medicine (the allopathic medicine) than others are. Alternative medicines are those that are practiced in isolation from allopathic medicine. In some cases, alternative medicine practitioners may even discourage the patients from seeking other forms of treatments, and in particular, they discourage the use of allopathic treatments. Complementary medicines, on the other hand, are those that are used along with allopathic treatment. These modalities are often suggested by the allopathic practitioners to supplement the medications the patient is taking. In general, complementary modalities are less dangerous to use than alternative ones due to the fact that primary care practitioners are aware of situation in which their patients are using them, and they are used to complement the medical interventions the patient is receiving.
Pemanfaatan tanaman sebagai obat sudah seumur dengan peradaban manusia.Tumbuhan adalah gudang bahan kimia yang memiliki sejuta manfaat termasuk untuk obat berbagai penyakit. Kemampuan meracik tumbuhan berkhasiat obat dan jamu merupakan warisan turun temurun dan mengakar kuat di masyarakat. Tumbuhan yang merupakan bahan baku obat tradisonal tersebut tersebar hampir di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Di hutan tropis Indonesia terdapat 30.000 spesies tumbuhan. Dari jumlah tersebut sekitar 9.600 spesies diketahui berkhasiat obat, tetapi baru 200 spesies yang telah dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pada industri obat tradisional.
Ilmu Pengobatan Herbal